Colonialism and Latin America Essay Example for Free

Long and Short term Memory

Long and Short term Memory As indicated by brain research, memory is the capacity of a person to store, hold, and review data and experience that describe life. In spite of the fact that Lewandowsky, et,al,(2004) notes â€Å" a few middle states are less surely known, present moment and long haul recollections are joined by various organic states and systems of maintenance and along these lines there are two unmistakable types of memory†. Individuals have two kinds of memory to hold data: the long haul and short memory.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Long and Short term Memory explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Long-term memory (LTM) stores data for a more drawn out time than short memory: It is not the same as the STM in structure and capacity. â€Å"Biologically, transient memory is an impermanent potentiation of neural associations that can turn out to be long haul memory through the procedure of practice and important association† Parmentier, et al (2005). There is no analyst who makes certain of the procedure however they state that it brings about the change of the setup of the neurons yet the time that it takes is likewise easily proven wrong. The transient memory is likewise alluded to as dynamic or essential memory as it holds minute amount of information at a specific time and it just stays possible for a brief length. The span is assessed in a flash and research has it that the transient memory saves data for 7 seconds in addition to two or short two relying upon an individual since its length is around seven bits. The memory works like a PCs RAM memory; it gives a working space at that point moves the subtleties to the next memory or disposes of it if its redundant and the data is additionally powerless against interference and impedance. â€Å"Biologically transient memory includes the terminating of neurons which drains the Readily Releasable Pool (RRP) of synapse vesicles at presynaptic terminals. The example o f exhausted presynaptic terminals speaks to the drawn out memory follow and the consumption itself is the present moment memory† (Nairne, 2002). The transient memory The momentary memory has three significant activities: the notable memory, the acoustic memory and the working memory. The notorious memory retains the visual pictures, the acoustic handles the sounds and it progressively compelling that the famous. Data can be handily reviewed by this memory relying upon the length, phonological impact, semantic classes and words nature. Momentary memory depends for the most part on an acoustic code than the visual code for gathering of data since People consistently think that its hard to recall a progression of words that are acoustically comparative for example, canine, hoard, and log).Advertising Looking for explore paper on brain science? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Davelaar, et, al, (2005) notes â€Å"short-te rm memory is bolstered by transient examples of neuronal correspondence, reliant on areas of the frontal flap (particularly dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and the parietal lobe†. The working memory stores the data until it is utilized and not until it’s moved to the long haul .For instance, while remembering a phone number it keeps the digits until one dials the numbers. It in this way saves data for sure fire use and not for last use. The methodology of passing on data from STM to LTM involves the encoding and solidification of data: it's anything but an undertaking of time; the more the information lives in STM it expands its odds being moved into the drawn out memory yet multifaceted information is sifted through in the STM in front of it being modified into LTM. The Long-Term Memory Information is loaded up on the source of sense and noteworthiness and it likewise has a tremendous limit. Data from the transient memory is moved to it through practice and furthermore data learnt over some stretch of time is moved to the drawn out memory and must be expelled by meddling with it or through rot . The data we store in it has to do with our comprehension and perspectives concerning issues around us. Noteworthy data picked up is likewise put away there and is recovered by need; for instance learning new innovation and applying the information each time one needs it. Data is put away in mental models known a â€Å"schemas† the compositions are orchestrated in a way that they are connected through systems relying upon the data that each contains. One outline accordingly initiates the other which likewise does as such to the following thus making a connection and in this way empowering individuals to recall the necessary data when comparative information is introduced. The patterns control our brains to the pertinent data while disregarding the superfluous .Therefore for one to effectively recall something it’s prudent to utilize questions or graphical introductions to actuate the compositions. The cerebrum doesn't assemble everything in a solitary compartment like it is in PCs hard circle drive however rather there are various parts for capacity. The drawn out memory is partitioned into two primary districts: definitive memory and verifiable memory otherwise called procedural memory. â€Å"Declarative memory includes all recollections that are deliberately accessible, for example, the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and perirhinal cortex, yet united and put away somewhere else in the cortex† Scruggs, Mastropieri, (1997). The area additionally has further regions: the verbose memory (exact occasions) and the Semantic memory which holds general data about outside issues. The other fundamental district is the procedural memory: it includes information including utilization of articles and body developments and it is put away by the cerebellum and the striatum.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper t est on Long and Short term Memory explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is another sort of memory that is found in both of the above areas that is, the enthusiastic memory: these recollections are intentionally open, yet they draw noteworthy, oblivious physiological reaction. Karma, Vogel(1997) note â€Å"they likewise have an exceptional physiological pathway that includes solid associations from the amygdala into the prefrontal cortex, yet a lot more fragile associations running back from the prefrontal cortex to the amgydala.† There are additionally different sorts of recollections that specialists guarantee that they exist however have not demonstrated it, for example, Prospective memory and review memory. â€Å"LTM likewise impacts discernment through top-down handling our earlier information influences how we see tangible data. Our assumptions about a specific tactile encounter impact how we decipher it and it is the wellspring of bias† (Br own, ET, al, 2007). Elements influencing memory effectiveness To recall data one needs to recover it from an oblivious level and take it to the cognizant voluntarily; a great many people consistently expect they have a physical issue with their memory when they don't recollect things however it is a piece of the memory framework that is normally wasteful. A well working memory framework must enlist, hold and recover data effectively and in this manner as to recall things the three procedures must happen. Inability to enlist or encode data can be because of interruptions, for example, commotion, stress, performing multiple tasks or poor fixation. Recovering issues generally happen if there is an issue in coordinating recovery signs and the encoding of the data you looked. There are two classifications of data recovery: review (data is sourced from the memory) and acknowledgment. At the point when data has been introduced and information demonstrating that it has been encoded shows up , at that point that is acknowledgment. Acknowledgment is less perplexing in light of the fact that the data is given as a prompt while in review recovery signals must be given to guarantee brisk access of data. Different issues messing memory up are: mature age, passionate variables, awful mind injury prompting, anterograde, amnesia and fractional retrograde amnesia; or a neurodegenerative ailments, for example, Alzheimers Disease, Dementia, Huntingtons Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinsons Disease, and Schizophrenia and at present they are not treatable. Passionate factors additionally influence long haul memory yet there have been contentions on whether the data gets lost or it just gets hard to get to and as referenced before: Information can once in a while be hard to review yet can be perceived, or might be reviewed distinctly with prompting.Advertising Searching for explore paper on brain research? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More As individuals age the effectiveness of their memory break down driving an encounter known as memory misfortune: this can be limited at an early age by changing our ways of life. Individuals can likewise upgrade their momentary memory so they recollect all the more even data that was obtained two minutes back. The entirety of the above can be accomplish by utilization of certain strategies and procedures suggested by analysts and researcher. Initial, one needs to recognize the components that to a great extent influence memory effectiveness, some of which are: â€Å"stress, absence of rest, absence of activity and absence of legitimate supplements basic for appropriate mind functioning† Davelaar, ET, al, (2005). It is fundamental to maintain a strategic distance from pressure or manage it particularly if ones’ lives or works inside an upsetting situation. Standard individuals get themselves for the most part around these two environmental factors and along these lines i n the event that they are pressure inducers they can bigly affect ones mental wellbeing. Individuals in this manner need to dispose of that worry by utilization of: â€Å"De-focusing on methods, for example, body kneads, long showers, hanging

The Benefits of Journal Writing

The Benefits of Journal WritingWhen you write a journal writing, you are using your imagination to create the 'reality' that your mind conjures up. People have many ways of expressing themselves in writing. Some write with a pen and paper, some write with a typewriter, some write using their computer keyboard, and many even write using their cell phones. Some of the things that people write in their journals include dreams, quotations, musings, visions, or just simply sharing what is going on in their minds.Writing a journal has become a very popular method of keeping track of our thoughts, fears, and our emotions. And there are many benefits to writing a journal, and there are even many professional writers who specialize in journal writing. However, it is essential that you maintain a level of self-esteem when writing a journal. The journal must be filled with confidence and a sense of self-reliance. The journal is one of the best ways for a person to say, 'I am me' instead of, 'Yo u are me'.Writing a journal also helps us to deal with certain negative issues. As a child, we used to tell our parents what we were afraid of. Nowadays, we write it down and keep it in a safe place. In addition, if a person has a negative issue in their life, they will find solace in writing it down. It will also be a great way for them to express what's going on in their mind.Writing a journal is also a great way to strengthen the family ties. We all like to compare our lives to those of others, but our lives aren't necessarily much like other people's lives. We all have our own stories and points of view to share with each other. By writing a journal, we all get to discover the truth of what we've got going on inside of us.Also, writing a journal can be a great way for a person to deal with stress. Sometimes we get caught up in our everyday activities and are unable to take a moment to just breathe and relax. We often don't realize that we're stressed until the next day. With the help of a pen and paper, we can write things down and have them for reference. It is a great way to get things under control.Also, by writing a journal, we can deal with the memories that have been embedded in our minds. Memories of childhood, the past, or even right now. The past is not always easy to cope with, but it is a reality that we need to face. This is a good way to think about things and then build on them. Of course, when we deal with difficult times in our lives, we must write a journal in order to try and deal with them.Writing a journal is not only for those who are dealing with problems and issues. For some people, it is a great way to enhance their careers. The more creative a person is, the more creative they can become with journal writing. Even if we write a lot of words and don't get any great ideas, it can still be a great way to keep one's mind stimulated.Writing a journal is not as hard as it may seem. With the use of a quality pen and paper, we can express ourselves through our words and also with the pictures that our minds can conjure up. Just make sure that you're comfortable with what you're writing and that you're able to write the things that are on your mind. Writing a journal is an excellent way to express yourself and get on top of whatever's bothering you.

Questions you most wanted to ask about tree planting and need immediately

Planting a tree can have tremendous influences on communities. Tree planting improves our environment. Planting a tree can add to our incomes and decrease energy costs. To plant a tree can enhance our quality of life and improve our health. I cant think of many things that touch us so completely as does planting a tree. My point is, we need trees to be planted! Q: How do you plant a seedling or sapling?A: There are actually two major methods of tree planting. One is planting a tree with an intact root ball. The trees can either be bound by fabric and string or potted in a plastic container. These trees are designed to plant...read more. Q: When is the season for planting trees?A: Bare-root tree planting is done during dormant winter months, most often after December 15th but before March 31st. Q: Do I really need to mulch my new tree?A: New seedlings and saplings need plenty of moisture. Lack of water is the main cause of severe stress to newly planted trees. Mulch is a trees best friend. Q: How do I know I am ready to plant a tree?A: Are you prepared to plant and rear a healthy tree? Take this tree wellness quiz to see just how prepared you are to successfully raise a healthy tree...read more. Q: Where can I buy trees to plant?A: Trees can be purchased in most states at private, industry and government nurseries. You need to check with your state forester for specific sources suited for your planting area...read more. Q: Where can I buy tree planting equipment?A: Before you begin a big planting job you need to purchase the right planting equipment. Using proper equipment correctly will insure proper planting and will be easier on the planter...read more. Q: Where should you plant a seedling or sapling?A:Use common sense when planting a tree. If the tree is expected to grow tall or expand widely give it the room it needs for future growth. Understanding species moisture, light and soil needs is extremely important. Q: What are root balled tree saplings?A:Root balled saplings are usually older than two to three year-old seedlings and are dug from commercial or government nursery plots. They are delivered individually with roots covered by an earth ball enclosing. Q: What are bare-root tree seedlings?A: Bare-root seedlings are usually two to three-year-old trees and lifted from commercial or government nursery beds. They are delivered in bulk with roots covered in only a very moist medium or slurry. Q: How many trees are planted in the United States?A: Hundreds of nurseries in the United States grow over 1.5 billion trees annually, which reforests nearly three million acres. This number represents over six trees.

The Executive Of Organizational Change Management - 761 Words

Cisco was founded in 1983 in San Francisco, California and is the worldwide leader in information technology (IT) for over 30 years. With annual revenue of $49.2B and over 71,000 employees, Cisco shapes the future of the Internet by creating unprecedented value and opportunity for our customers, employees, investors, and ecosystem partners (Cisco, 2016). Our strategy is to create solutions built on intelligent networks that solve our customers’ challenges while creating lasting partnerships that support their success (Cisco, 2016). Therefore, as Cisco’s competition continues to grow and innovative products are increasing, we need to change our strategy to meet these demands. As the Director of Organizational Change Management, I have prepared the following Organizational Change Management (OCM) Plan, which I present to the stakeholders for review and approval. Role of Strategic Renewal The role of the strategic renewal will focus on flatting our management structure. Based on our year-end (YE) employee survey, the results indicated a 50% decrease in employee communication and autonomy from our previous year. Organizational structure is needed in our evolving environment. However, a flat organizational structure features less layers of management and can help improve communication and decision-making. This will provide the following benefits to the organization. 1) Allow more time to focus on core products, develop new products while listening to your customers.Show MoreRelatedA New Executive Leadership Team1227 Words   |  5 PagesSt. Jude Medical, on September 2015 announced their new executive leadership team, and that incoming President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Michael T. Rousseau has been chosen to lead the organization into the next phase of growth and innovation. The new team ensures the continuity of key leadership positions within St. Jude Medical. The executive leadership team will include a new structure intended to drive organizational effectiveness and maximize the depth of experience of St. Jude Medical’Read MoreWhat Strengths Of Organizational Leadership Presented By Sales And Marketing1635 Words   |  7 Pages(SS) Sheila Simmons lacks communications skills, and high job stress. Identifying the strengths of organizational leadership presented by Sales and Marketing (PI) Kenneth Bright along with OD consultant can lead and manage the organizational change. The OD consultant plans to introduce and communicate the change initiative to the employees begin with an interview questions by gender, organizational levels and age. Using Lewin’s method (B), functions (f), personality(P), motivators and the environmentRead MoreOrganizational Culture : An Organization1251 Words   |  6 PagesThe organization that I work for has many locations but I will concentrate on my work site. The organizational focuses on the well being of the residents and families. For this paper, I decided to focus more on the organizational culture. I will look into how the administrations of this organization are directly responsible for building and sustaining the culture within an organization. Organizational Culture is the shared values and beliefs that underlie a company’s identity. In my organizationRead MoreFailure at Tyco International, Ltd.1137 Words   |  5 Pagescompanies. However, unbeknownst to the shareholders of Tyco and the world, Tyco was led by a management team and CEO (L. Dennis Kozlowski) that did not use wise or truthful business practices and organizational behavior. In the following paper, I will examine the failure that occurred at Tyco, compare, and contrast contributions of leadership, management, and organizational structures to the failure. Management Failure Tyco spent the most of the 1990’s purchasing and acquiring new companies, whichRead MoreConflict Management Styles Among Corporate Executives1161 Words   |  5 Pagesevaluating previous researchers’ efforts and expertise. A potential research study on â€Å"Conflict Management Styles among Corporate Executives in Developing Countries – Nigeria a Case Study† is considered for a signature assignment. Conflict is inevitable and exists everywhere. In organizational system, conflict and methods of conflict management influences different groups (employees, management team and executives). Conflicts are realities of life and can be defined as a â€Å"situation of competition inRead MoreConflict Management Styles Among Corporate Executives1161 Words   |  5 Pagesevaluating previous researchers’ efforts and expertise. A potential research study on â€Å"Conflict Management Styles among Corporate Executives in Developing Countries – Nigeria a Case Study† is considered for a signature assignment. Conflict is inevitable and exists everywhere. In organizational system, conflict and methods of conflict management influences different groups (employees, management team and executives). Conflicts are realities of life and can be defined as a â€Å"situation of competition inRead MoreExecutive Action Learning ( Eal )811 Words   |  4 PagesExecutive Action Learning (EAL) There is a distinction between knowledge and wisdom. Business knowledge comes from memorizing business principles and facts; executive wisdom comes from insights and experiential learning. In action learning, this can be achieved via skillful questioning. Traditional academic and MBA education focuses on the knowledge, while executive action learning focuses on experiential problem-solving (wisdom). In other words Executive Action Learning (EAL) builds wiser managementRead MoreCase Study : A Successful Organizational Change925 Words   |  4 PagesIn this case, I think Mr. Sokol made a successful organizational change in general, based on the result of profitability. It is well known that Organizations have to seek flexibility and adjust their strategy in time so that to meet the business needs in this competitive society, they may need to reduce their cost, reduce the staff number, or adjust the competitive strategy. Every step would not be accepted easily in an organization which has a strong culture, like NetJets. Mr. Sokol thought NetJetsRead MoreImproving Results And Outcomes Of Managing Organizational Change1237 Words   |  5 PagesUtilizing Change Lessons to Improve Results and Outcomes Introduction Managing change is challenging. Understanding and incorporating change lessons can benefit leaders responsible for managing organizational change. They must recognize that change occurs regularly in business and that the greater the change impact, the higher the risk of failure. A successful change outcome occurs when leaders plan for the change, prioritize change management activities, communicate transparently, and developRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Three Cultures Of Management928 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article, â€Å"Three Cultures of Management: The Key to Organization Learning†, the author, Edgar H. Schein discusses the importance of why organizations need to learn how to learn and what factors are causing organizations to hinder learning. He explains why organizational innovations either don’t occur or fail to survive and proliferate. He proposes that the reason for such learning failures is the three cultures that exist in every organization. The c ultures analyzed by Edgar are the operator

Biblical Implications of Dark City free essay sample

This paper is a literary interpretation of the film Dark City, offering incite into the biblical implications found within the film. This paper examines the revelations the film Dark City which provides a look into the social order and the relationship between free will and the idea of fate. The paper describes the films relevant scenes, the characters relationships and philosophical ideas. The film Dark City is a science fiction, detective, film-noir-esque movie that was introduced in the mid-nineties. The plot for the film is about a group of aliens who have abducted enough humans to populate a human experiment in which the parameters are human memories and emotions. On surface the film takes a position about the conflict between fate and free will. In Dark City, a deeper reading calls to attention an interpretation that examines the presence of false gods in society and their manipulation and speaks to what the role of being God should be. We will write a custom essay sample on Biblical Implications of Dark City or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Information technology Enterprise Data Quality Management case

Background information New York State department of Taxation and Finance is a great/principle government agency of the New York that is held account to several activities including, the administration, evaluation and handling of all Tax forms and Tax publications processed within the state, administration and enforcing of the Tax Laws of New York.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Information technology Enterprise Data Quality Management case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is responsible to disseminating tax revenues to county governments and other state corporations. NYSDTF works under laws and rules (established by New York’s public officer of Law) which it must adhere to. New York State Department of Taxation and Finance has workers employed to work for the agency. It’s estimated that this government private agency employs an approximate average staff figure of 50-99 employees. These workers h owever, must also correctly and legally file their individual taxes else they would be subjected to termination. The agency has tax formalities for the residents which is quite different from that of the non residents. Problem statement New York State Department of Taxation and Finance made a great step to improve the services it provides to the United States residents and non residents by going online. It is evident that the tax payers can access tax forms of any category online print them out then upload filled up forms back to the NYSDTF agency. Immense paperwork involved in the data processing and the great numbers the agency serves at a time has caused several challenges to the NYSDTF. For instance service delivery to its clients has increasingly become slow, tedious and ineffective. Cases of inaccurate data entered by the data entry clerks into this system and transmitted have also been reported in several instances. Mob cases of data loss and incorrect data have been reported too at the company. It’s therefore recommended that NYSDTF adopts and implements a computerized system that captures and keeps track of its client’s data, further still the system should allow the clients to input data direct to the database. This will reduce on the faults of incorrect and inaccurate data.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The manual way of inputting data into the system from the forms filled by their clients has raised eyebrows (data redundancy and late information deliveries) and action therefore needs to be taken. Also, manual systems are heavily dependent on the human ability in many things among them personnel efficiency and the ability to memorize things. This makes the system vulnerable to cases of sabotage and also incompetence handling of data. The ability of human beings to put in memory data of such magnitude is hard and unrealistic t o a greater extent. Since people have to pay their taxes as per the rules and regulations of the state, they are bound rather forced to incur unnecessary costs in seeking alternative sources that provide the same services offered by the agency whenever such faults occur. Measurement tools By use of written questionnaires, a research was carried out as it will be shown below. The questionnaires were evenly distributed among the staff of NYSDTF and some given out to their clients. Of the 2600 questionnaires given out only 2000 were returned for analysis. Findings on the analysis carried out basing on this research tools and show a great need for NYSDTF to adopt some improved functionalities of the same system to enable them serve their customers effectively and efficiently. This system would reduce on the data processing time for one; the client would be entering his/her own data direct to the agency’s database. Written questionnaires are a good tool for collecting information especially when you are getting information from a scattered population. They are familiar with most people. At least they are well known and require no or minimal introduction when collecting information. They mostly come in three parts the first one being the introduction bit that is meant to welcome the interviewee and soften the environment for question answering.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Information technology Enterprise Data Quality Management case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is a very important part in any questionnaire because it is a determinant factor to getting important and vital information required for your research. The second part is the body that contains the questions and can be called it the body of our questionnaire. The last part is meant to appreciate the efforts taken by the respondent in answering the questions given. Compared to interviews the responses gathered when usi ng questionnaires are more of standard and objective in the sense of being straight and to the point. They give the respondents an opportunity to express themselves and especially for the written questionnaires. They reach a large population and within a very short time. It’s just a matter of distributing the questionnaires to the people and later collecting them for evaluation and analysis purposes. This research method has challenges too for instance not all questionnaires are returned by the respondents, at time the respondents fail to answer all questions asked and more so when the questionnaire is too long they get bored and tired along the way. They are only relevant for the learned population; only people who can read and write. The open ended questionnaires mostly generate large amounts of data that in the long run take time to process and evaluate though we could limit this by limiting the amount of space left for particular questions. Below is a sample questionnaire questions used in our the researchAdvertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A Research Carried Out At New York State Department Of Taxation And Finance Please note that the information you give will be handled as confidential we therefore urge you to give information to the best of your ability. When was New York State department of Taxation and Finance established? Who coordinates all data and information activities in the agency? What are the procedures to data processing rather how do you operate to serve a single client right from his/her registration phase? How many clients do you serve in a day and in a year? How do you capture and store information about your clients? Which areas do you serve? What challenges do you face in your day to day activities? Apart from use of questionnaires, I plan to carry out a pilot test with some customers and have them comment on the same. This will however be done after the new system has been created. This is a tricky point as the agency insists on giving their best in terms of service delivery. Thus, it cannot all ow systems that it is not sure of their performance to be incorporated in their operations. To deal with this, I shall use old data from the consumers. This shall not at any point interfere with the daily running of activities. Analysis of data Data analysis process involves thorough inspection, data cleaning (sorting out data and placing it in the right order and in the right place at the right time), transformation (in the sense of picking out facts) and modeling data with an aim of picking out useful information and making conclusions from a massive search carried out. As clearly outlined above, data analysis process comes in stages the first one being that of data cleaning which can still be done during data entry. Erroneous data is either removed or corrected. Initial data analysis comes in the second phase and should not be confused with the main data analysis phase. In this step or phase, one gets some guidance to answering the main research questions and totally refrains fro m answering the main research question(s). The quality of measurement is also done at this step where the information reported is compared to the actual data collected. This is an important and vital step and should not be left out otherwise the analysis would be done on analysis. Challenges One of the greatest challenges faced by New York State Department of Taxation and Finance on its online provided services is the complexity of the system. The system is a bit complicated and for an ordinary client wishing to use service might not be able to access what she/he wants. It faces a big challenge of finding ways to cutting the long queues made by the clients especially when making follow ups, inquiries and when making payments without pulling the services away from there clients(ways to totally eliminate paperwork in the agency). It is faced with the challenge of storing this huge amount of data in a systematic, accurate and consistent order. The quality of data is then checked to fin d out if the data collected portrays a state of the actual situation or the situation on ground, to find out the consistency of the data collected also to find out if this data collected is accurate on facts (Kirk, 2009). To also find out the Completeness, timeliness, accuracy and above all the validity of data collected. Another challenge that New York State Department of Taxation and Finance faces is the inconsistence of the customers. Though the customers that are served by the Agency can be broadly categorized as is done in other sections of this paper, the Agency has inconsistent customers. Being an international destination, a number of taxpayers enroll for a short duration and then leave the state. This category of customers increases the number of files that the Agency has to deal with. After an accurate evaluation and analysis of data collected, I am planning to develop and put into use an information system for New York Stated Department of Taxation and Finance. A system t hat will help the agency automatically generate invoices and forward them to the clients email addresses as soon as possible, help the company calculate and send bills to its clients either via mails or to their mobile phones as a new functionality added into their system. Also develop a simple online system that will help the organization advertise it’s self on the internet efficiently. The current agency’s website is a bit complicated which makes is hard to for one to find correct information -the exact thing one could be looking for. Information technologies help one to expand his/her business and increase individual productivity. These systems are good and allow input and output monitoring that in the long run can be used to monitor productivity across all departments in the organization. In turn this helps one even terminate employees that are not serous at doing their duties at the same time keep those that are performing at individual level (Evans and Lindsay, 1 998). That allows members to transfer money from their mobile phone’s account to the company’s bank account without necessarily having to travel all the way to the agency (Segalstad, 2008). This step however shall be dependent of the existing laws. Transfer of money through mobile phones in a technology that is yet to be legally enacted in many states. The Agency can attain this by joining hands with other organizations in the state to push the relevant authorities to pass such a law. Implementation One of the mandatory steps that are required of the company is to have an upgrade in its human resource. This has to be done in different phases. As noted previously in this paper, a vast majority of the current human personnel in NYSDTF have little competency in computer software development. The implementation of the information technology systems will thus require that the staff be educated on how to develop the system especially for them to be able to include the electr onic filing facility into their system instead of them hiring vendors from outside. This will require continuous classes that will be conducted by persons who are conversant with the system development be introduced. Though NYSDTF has an option and an ability to hire or bringing in staff that is literate in this sector, the move is not advisable since it might take them another decade to make them fully understand how it does its activities. The system transition requires persons who are conversant with the old systems for easy transition. The education on staff needs to be a continuous process. After the induction, the staff needed to be educated on the updates and developments in the fields of information technology as time requires (Evan and Lindsay, 1998). In addition to education of staff, NYSDTF also requires to bring in experienced system developers who shall see the implementation of the systems. The specialized personnel shall also be required to keep the systems updated wi th the developments in the information technology. This is to ensure that; one, the company keeps in line with the developments, two, the NYSDTF systems are not internally or externally tampered with, and three, that the other staffs are properly using the systems (Kirk, 2009). Apart from the change in education and in personnel, the implementation will require a work plan. A direct implementation will require that the company first halts its service delivery and concentrate on the implementation – this is not advisable due to the importance of the services offered by the company. Considering this, the company should change the systems in phases (Baschab, Piot, 2007). The following work plan is preferred; First, NYSDTF needs to have computerized top management. This implies that, all the top managers should have all their files in the new systems and introduce the electronic filing to its new members first. It should also ensure or organize training sessions for the old clien ts The second department in the work plan is the accounting department. This shall update its files and records starting with the most recent working backwards. This will ensure that customers requiring services during the implementation period shall receive using new systems (Kirk, 2009). Next is uploading of the old files and records of the field managers. At this stage, the physical files of the various locations previously mentioned shall be transferred into computer files. After all theses records have been updated, the implementation team shall need to create a database that shall be used to store periodical data. The database will be automatically updated once there are records updates in the field manager’s files and other departmental files. It is at this stage that the pilot test shall be run. The agency shall identify some clients who shall input their past data into the new system. The Agency staff shall guide the clients on the way to carry out this exercise. Aft er this, the client shall be required to comment on the new system. After the changes have been included in the database, the implementation team shall be required to introduce and educate people on how to use the new functionality in their website. The agency shall advertise its services as well as offer some of its services like, new registrations, answering frequently asked questions among others (Segalstad, 2008). Considering how NYSDTF carries out its activities, the massive population it serves, the challenges it faces and the achievements is has made in its day to day operations, strongly the company should take action to improving its services. Taxation is a vital and important activity in any growing and already grown nations thus NYSDTF provides an essential commodity and therefore needs to be current and organized for its services. As noted elsewhere in this paper, the implementation of the mobile tax payment shall be dependent of the legislation of laws that shall permit such a move. The agency may push for a private bill in this regard (Bernardi, 2008). Conclusion On personal grounds I would recommend that NYSDTF adopts live chat added functionality on top of them providing electronic filling with some bit of urgency. As noted in the paper, the population served by this agency is big and taxation is vital for the government also its people thus needs to take into consideration the facts mentioned above for it to continue operating effectively and efficiently. The live chat will address issues that are not clear to their clients when using the organizations online services. Tax collection patterns vary from one state to another and keep changing from one time to another and in this respect New York State Department of Taxation and Finance needs to adopt a system that will enable it capture proper records and give responses fast. The organization confesses to have adapted staff that is not trained and thus had a great task and still concerned to mak ing sure that the staff is trained and properly trained. References Baschab, J., Piot, J., (2007). The executive’s guide to information technology. New Jersey: John Willey sons Inc Bernardi, L., (2008). Tax systems and tax reforms in Latin America. New York: Routledge Evans, J., and Lindsay, W., (2008). Managing for Quality and Performance Excellence Eighth Edition. New York: Thomson South-Western Kirk, A., (2009). Information Technology. New York: print Matters Inc Segalstad, S., (2008). International IT Regulations and Compliance: Quality Standards. New Jersey: John Willey sons Inc This essay on Information technology Enterprise Data Quality Management case was written and submitted by user Vaughn H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The idea of disappointment in Araby and An Encounter Essay Example

The idea of disappointment in Araby and An Encounter Essay Example The idea of disappointment in Araby and An Encounter Paper The idea of disappointment in Araby and An Encounter Paper Essay Topic: Dubliners Literature Dubliners covers the lives of many different characters over four different themes in their lives. These themes are childhood, adolescence, maturity and public life. The theme in Araby and An Encounter is that of childhood. Joyce wanted to describe Dublin life so that the reader could be seen to be looking into a Nicely polished looking glass. At the time that Joyce was writing he felt that society as a whole was in a state of paralysis and was stagnant. He describes characters that try to escape from society and break free, however, it seems that freedom is never achieved and the characters are left disappointed and frustrated. This can be seen clearly in both the stories, though there are some small differences in the bid for escape and the attitudes of the characters. An Encounter is the story of two boys who make an attempt to play truant from school. They are influenced by tales of adventure of the Wild West, The adventures related in the literature of the Wild West were remote from my nature but, at least, they opened doors of escape. and so try to create their own adventure. There escape is well planned and so they have very high expectations of what their day will be like. Their planned trip is also against their parents wishes and so there is an element of risk evolved, which would make the trip much more exciting and adventurous. In Araby a boy thinks he has fallen in love with a girl from across the street and takes it upon himself to go to the bazaar to buy her something because she cannot go herself. He is driven by his infatuation of her, I pressed the palms of my hands together until they trembled, murmuring: O love! O love! many times. and the thought that he will be going somewhere new and exotic, and so break the monotonous routine of his daily life. Therefore, he has very high expectations of what he will see and what he will do. Therefore, both these tales build up a high level of excitement and expectation, which can only bring disappointment when none of their wishes are achieved. The disappointments in the stories are not just limited to the failings of the adventures. In Araby there is the disappointment that his Uncle has not paid much interest in his life and has forgotten to give him the money for the bazaar and the failure of the Uncle to see that his nephew is excited. This adds to the boys bid to escape because of the claustrophobic effect his Uncle and Aunt have over him. The most obvious signs of disappointment are in the bazaar. Firstly, when the boy gets there the bazaar is closing, he sees that two men were counting money on a salver. The symbolism of the bazaar being an exotic place is lost and he realises that the bazaar is just a market, where money is traded for wares. When in the bazaar he also realises that he is not that important, people ignore him, and he finishes by saying, I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burnt with anguish and anger. In this story the boy has gone through a psychological change, which made him look at himself in a new way. This gave him a fright making him angry but at the same time very disappointed, because he realises that his life is no different than any other person in Dublin. In An Encounter most of the disappointment occurs because of the failed sense of adventure. They discover that the docks are not what they imagined, and they find that they are too tired at any rate to carry on with their adventure to their Wild West, It was too late and we were too tired to carry out our project of visiting Pigeon House. This tiredness and the lack of excitement lead on to the old man. He in a sense completely breaks the sense of adventure and escape for the narrator. He sees that they are schoolboys and treats them as such. This shatters the image of being mature and adventurous, and brings in a sense of claustrophobia because there is nothing these boys can do; they will always be treated as schoolboys. This is a huge disappointment for the narrator, especially as he tries to give the impression of being well read and highly intelligent, but the man seems to completely ignore the impression the narrator tried to give. In both Araby and An Encounter there are common themes of desire to escape, frustration of elders and the claustrophobic effect of the Dublin society. All these effects of the characters drive them to try to escape, but because they are tied down by these strong ties to the society and to Dublin itself, they always find disappointment in their futile attempts to escape. Araby and An Encounter epitomise the failure of the young to break the paralysis of their own society or to discover a way of escaping from that society, but certainly proves that escape is much harder than all the characters believe.

Buck ONeil - Address at the National Baseball Hall of Fame

John Jordan Buck ONeil Speech at the at the National Baseball Hall of Fame delivered 30 June 2006 Alright, sit down. This is outstanding! Ive been a lot of places. Ive done a lot of things that I really liked doing. I hit the homerun. I hit the grand slam homerun. I hit for the cycle. Ive had a hole-in-one in golf. Ive done a lot of things I liked doing. I shook hands with President Truman. Yeah. Oh, man, I took Oh, [shook hands] with the other President and Ihugged his wife, Hillary. So Ive done a lot of things I liked doing. But Id rather be right here, right now, representing these people that helped build a bridge across the chasm of prejudice not just the ones like Charlie Pride and me that later crossed it. Yeah. This is quite an honor for me.See, I played in the Negro Leagues. Tell you what: The Negro Leagues was nothing like Hollywood try to make it. The Negro Leagues was the third largest black business in this country. Yeah. First, black insurances to white insurances ten cent policy, just enough to bury us. But the black insurances insured our crops, our homes, yeah , our stock. They made millions. Next, Madame C.J. Walker cosmetology. You see that pretty hair over there? Dont you see it on Mrs. Robinson? Tell you what. Yeah. Thats right. Yeah. Yeah. Madame C. J. Walker was doing that a hundred years ago, and she made millions, to tell you the truth. Madame C. J. Walker was the first black woman millionaire in this country. And to tell you Madam C.J. Walker might have been the first woman millionaire in the country that earned it. They had other women millionaires but they inherited the money. Madam C.J. Walker earned it. Next, Negro League baseball. All you needed was a bus, and we rode in some of the best buses money could buy, yeah, a couple of sets of uniforms. You could have 20 of the best athletes that ever lived. And that’s who we are representing here today. It was outstanding. And playing in the Negro leagues what a lot of you don’t know. See, when I played in the Negro leagues I first came to the Negro leagues five percent of Major League ball players were college men because the major leaguers wanted them right out of high school, put them in the minor league, bring them on in. But Negro leagues, 40 percent of Negro leagues, leaguers, were college men. The reason that was, we always spring trained in a black college town and that’s who we played in spring training, the black colleges. So when school was out, they came and played baseball. When baseball season was over, they’d go back to teaching, to coaching, or to classes. That was Negro League baseball. And Im proud to have been a Negro league ball player. Yeah, yeah. And I tell you what, they always said to me Buck, I know you hate people for what they did to you or what they did to your folks. I said, No, man, I I never learned to hate. I hate cancer. Cancer killed my mother. My wife died 10 years ago of cancer. (Im single, ladies.) A good friend of mine I hate AIDS. A good friend of mine died of AIDS three months ago. I hate AIDS. But I can’t hate a human being because my God never made anything ugly. Now, you can be ugly if you wanna, boy, but God didn’t make you that way. Uh, uh. So, I want you to light this valley up this afternoon. Martin [Luther King] said Agape is understanding, creative a redemptive good will toward all men. Agape is an overflowing love which seeks nothing in return. And when you reach love on this level, you love all men, not because you like em, not because their ways appeal to you, but you love them because God loved them. And I love Jehovah my God with all my heart, with all my soul, and I love every one of you as I love myself. Now, I want you to do something for me. I’m fixin to get off this stage now. I think I done my six minutes. But I want you to do something for me. I want you to hold hands. Whoever’s next to you, hold a hand. Come on, you Hall of Famers, hold hands. All you people out there, hold hands. Everybody hooked up? Everybody hooked up? Well then I tell you what. See, I know my brothers up here, my brothers over there I see some black brothers of mine and sisters out there I know they can sing. Can you white folks sing? I want you to sing after me: The greatest thing come on everybody The greatest thing in all of my life is loving you. The greatest thing in all of my life is loving you. The greatest thing in all of my life is loving you. The greatest thing in all my life is loving you. ¹ Thank you, folks. Thank you, folks. Thank you, folks. Thank you, folks. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Now, sit down. Now, sit down. I could talk to you 10 minutes longer, but I got to go to the bathroom. Book/CDs by Michael E. Eidenmuller, Published by McGraw-Hill (2008)  ¹ = from the contemporary Christian praise song, The Greatest Thing by Mark Pendergrass, Sparrow Records (1977) See also: The Negro League Baseball Players Association and The Baseball Hall of Fame. Copyright Status: Text, Audio = Uncertain.

Where Human Life First Begins Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Where Human Life First Begins - Coursework Example Mr. Will is the main root cause of the death of both Asha and her baby. The law must regard him to this manslaughter and convict him. It is important to note that murder is not necessarily executed using a weapon. It is also psychological caused death. Mr. Will is the father of the unborn baby never appreciated and loved the pregnancy. His hate began the moment Asha told him she was pregnant. This ended their happy five-year stay since Mr. Will was unhappy. The situation even moved from worse to worst when his attempts to persuade Asha to abort went in vain. This shows that Mr. Will had planned to kill the baby earlier through abortion. He had knowledge that abortion is illegal since it kills life and risky to the mother too. The intentions of Mr. Will to force abortion could also have killed Asha and Will knew that after the abortion the baby could die.Moreover, the gestation period of the fetus was cut short due to the violence. When Will hit Asha and she fell down stairs that are when Will actually killed the baby. According to the scientist, domestic violence is noted to be one of the modifiable risk factors that mainly result in adverse pregnancy outcomes (CDC 2013). In the world today, approximately 26.7% of pregnant women are physically abused during pregnancy (CDC 2013). The physical abuses include being beaten up, threatened with a weapon or verbally or even being thrown away. Out of the numbers, 10.9% of all those physical violence have ended up in premature births (CDC 2013).

Sales planning and operations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sales planning and operations - Assignment Example n mix is business tools that are used by entrepreneurs to pass information effectively to customers regarding the various benefits of their goods and services (Baker 2014). Therefore, it involves combining strategies and allocating resources in a cost-effective way. One of the objectives of a promotional mix is to increase the demand of a product or service. During product cycle, this strategy is used to increase the sales although a product may reach a saturation point, and the company turns to a new product. The Second objective is presenting information about the existence of the products and services. The customers or consumers need to understand the full information about the product that may include its availability and benefits. The last objective is to differentiate the product. In circumstances when we have many competitors in the market, firms opt to differentiate their products to look different from what their competitors offer. Personal selling is face to face or a direct two-way communication between the buyer and seller with an aim of making a sale. Moreover, it involves developing a good relationship with the customer, identifying their needs and also adjusts the products to fit their needs. More companies prefer personal selling because it results to more profit although it is costly. Personal selling is considered as more efficient in business growth. Therefore, it plays vital roles in supporting the achievements of goals of the promotional mix. Personal selling increases the demand of products and services by increasing the products’ awareness towards purchase. When customers become aware of the availability of the product, then its demand will increase since they will start buying it. Through presenting information to the customers, personal selling is good at explaining the products’ information or any aspect related to the products hence giving explicit information regarding the product (Smith, Gopalakrishna & Smith 2004). Business

Thoughts of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle :: Ancient Greece Greek History

Thoughts of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle Three Athenian philosophers flourish in Greece from 470 B. C. until 320 B. C. These philosophers were famous for their "schools of thought." The first of these is Socrates who lived from 469 until 399 B. C. He did not leave any writings behind; therefore, we know about his ways of thinking from those of whom he taught. His famous method of instruction called the Socratic method is still used today. In this method, the teacher allows students to use their own deductive reasoning to see things for themselves through a series of questions and answers. Unfortunately, many did not agree with Socrates teachings. He was accused of corrupting the youth in Athens and sentenced to death. One of Socrates most famous students, Plato, established a second school of thought. Flourishing around 400 B. C., Plato contradicted his teacher in that he left many writings, his most famous being The Republic. He believed that a higher world of unchanging forms and ideas existed. If a person knew these forms, then he knew the truth. These things, however, could only be achieved by a mind that had been properly trained. One of his idea forms was his vision of government. He did not trust the democracy. He felt that the highest rank should belong to the philosophers who were also kings, followed by the courageous, and ended with the rest of who must have desire. He established the Academy at which he taught Aristotle. The third school of thought was that of Aristotle (384-322 B. C.). He felt that form and matter were one, not two separate concepts. Based on his beliefs that the previous were not separable, he not unlike his teacher, tried to discover the best form of government. Thoughts of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle :: Ancient Greece Greek History Thoughts of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle Three Athenian philosophers flourish in Greece from 470 B. C. until 320 B. C. These philosophers were famous for their "schools of thought." The first of these is Socrates who lived from 469 until 399 B. C. He did not leave any writings behind; therefore, we know about his ways of thinking from those of whom he taught. His famous method of instruction called the Socratic method is still used today. In this method, the teacher allows students to use their own deductive reasoning to see things for themselves through a series of questions and answers. Unfortunately, many did not agree with Socrates teachings. He was accused of corrupting the youth in Athens and sentenced to death. One of Socrates most famous students, Plato, established a second school of thought. Flourishing around 400 B. C., Plato contradicted his teacher in that he left many writings, his most famous being The Republic. He believed that a higher world of unchanging forms and ideas existed. If a person knew these forms, then he knew the truth. These things, however, could only be achieved by a mind that had been properly trained. One of his idea forms was his vision of government. He did not trust the democracy. He felt that the highest rank should belong to the philosophers who were also kings, followed by the courageous, and ended with the rest of who must have desire. He established the Academy at which he taught Aristotle. The third school of thought was that of Aristotle (384-322 B. C.). He felt that form and matter were one, not two separate concepts. Based on his beliefs that the previous were not separable, he not unlike his teacher, tried to discover the best form of government.

Rhetoric in Writing and Audience

Rhetoric is the study of effective speaking and writing. It is the art of persuasion and many other things. Over its long history there have been many different definitions of rhetoric, which stretches back to the Ancient Greeks and Romans in particular. In its long and vigorous history rhetoric has enjoyed many definitions, accommodated differing purposes, and varied widely in what it included. And yet, for most of its history it has maintained its fundamental character as a discipline for training students 1) to perceive how language is at work orally and in writing, and 2) to become proficient in applying the resources of language in their own speaking and writing. To see how language and thought worked together, however, it has first been necessary to artificially divide content and form what is said and how we say it. How we say things is precisely the way in which we ensure that our desired meaning has been transmitted to others, so there can be no passing on of ideas without also taking into account lexis. Because rhetoric examines so attentively the how of language, the methods and means of communication, it has sometimes been discounted as something only concerned with style or appearances, and not with the quality or content of communication. For many (such as Plato) rhetoric deals with the superficial at best, the deceptive at worst (â€Å"mere rhetoric†), when one might better attend to matters of substance, truth, or reason as attempted in dialectic or philosophy or religion. Rhetoric studies the effectiveness of language comprehensively, including its emotional impact, as much as its propositional content. Why Rhetoric is Important? The importance of rhetoric provides significant changes in the areas of learning and the development of a persons and institutions. The study of rhetoric, nearly continuous over 2500 years, has always been central to the objectives of a liberal arts curriculum. Extending that study to film, television, protests, politics, debates, philosophy and all forms of discourse has advanced such study into the 21st century. Here are the following reasons why the study of rhetoric is essentially important. It gives scientific writing a focus on argument in scientific debate Numerous studies have called attention to the importance of rhetoric in scientific writing by focusing on arguments presented in scientific debate articles. Rhetorical analysis and textual analysis stress the importance of studying scientific writing to provide better instruction of students learning the genres of academic writing. For example, Swales describes the difficulties of novice researchers or students with English as a second language in learning the literary conventions of American journals. Gusfield is one of the early writers to argue that scientific methods courses should include the study of literary techniques as well as statistical procedures. Davis subscribes to a similar view in that he claims only to be formally describing a model that he believes many social scientists intuitively or inadvertently follow. Davis argues that a conscious awareness of the importance of defining and then denying audience assumptions would ‘increase the Interesting Quotient (I. Q. ) of their discipline relative to the Interesting Quotient of other disciplines. It enables to better understand the processes of communication. Rhetoric is a subject of importance because its study enables us to better understand the processes of communication that underpin decision making in free societies. Judgments on matters of public policy take their cues from rhetoric, and so an understanding of any society's rhetoric will tell us a lot about its ideas, beliefs, laws, customs and assumptions – especially how and why such social features came into being. We don't typically think of it this way, but every law that is on our record books began as an act of rhetorical undertaking by some public or private citizen trying to fix a problem. Statutes and policies are the ends; rhetoric is the means. If law is the architecture of public life, rhetoric is the art that brings it into being. We don't typically think of it this way, but every law that is on our record books began as an act of rhetorical undertaking by some public or private citizen trying to fix a problem. Statutes and policies are the ends; rhetoric is the means. If law is the architecture of public life, rhetoric is the art that brings it into being. It serves as a means for public deliberation about public issues Those who identify rhetoric primarily with ornament, passion, specious argument and deceit, and even those who defend rhetoric as a desirable alternative or supplement to legal reasoning, fail to do justice to the signal importance of rhetoric in the ancient world as a means for public deliberation about public issues under conditions of uncertainty. Despite Plato's famous criticisms of rhetoric as mere flattery, the ancient world well understood that rhetoric had a substantive as well as a stylistic dimension; hence the common association of rhetoric with the merely stylistic aspects of deliberation is entirely misleading. It provides as a precursor for the semiotic study of communication Under the influence of Structuralism, rhetoric has been seen as a precursor for the semiotic study of communication, as in the work of Genette and the Rhetorique generale by a group of scholars headed by J. Dubois. More in keeping with the pragmatic nature of ancient rhetoric, Chaim Perelman and L. Olbrechts-Tyteca attempt in their La Nouvelle Rhetorique (1958) to formulate a modern rhetoric of persuasive argumentation. At the other end of the spectrum, writers associated with Post-Structuralism stress the playful, subversive side of the subject. And finally, the 1980s saw the revived use of explicitly rhetorical models in composition classes in secondary schools to combat an apparent decline in pupils' communication skills. How to Apply Rhetoric in Writing? In order for a writer to know how to apply rhetoric to his writing, he must first know and understand the fundamental forms of persuasive appeals, encompassing forms and rhetoric devices. Persuasive Appeals According to Aristotle, rhetoric is â€Å"the ability, in each particular case, to see the available means of persuasion. He described three main forms of rhetoric: Logos, or the appeal to reason; Pathos, or the appeal to emotion; and Ethos, or the appeal to character. Logos, pathos, and ethos are completely different, yet, they all correlate. In order to be a more effective writer, you must understand these three terms. Logos meant more in ancient Greek than logic or reasoning, it meant â€Å"thought plus action†. It appeals to patterns, conventions, and modes of reasoning that the audience finds convincing and persuasive. Ideally, a writer should be able to persuade someone based solely upon reason. Although the ability to reason and to think are abstractly two of humanity’s defining characteristics, we are often guided by our passions—even if they lead to our ruin. Pathos is appeal to emotion. a writer needs to consider the things that the listeners value, need, hope for, fear, and so on; once the writer understands the things they care about, he or she can show how what the readers is asked to do is in accord with values they already hold. Ethos is your persona or â€Å"image† as a writer—your ethical character. If a writer communicates good will, good character, and good judgment, the reader will be far more likely to trust him or her. Trust is at the heart of effective communication, and without careful attention to ethos, the effectiveness of the other two modes of persuasion — logos and pathos — is also diminished. Encompassing Terms Next a writer should learn apply the three-ways, of rhetoric in the larger sense. Which can be distinguished between: Kairos, or the occasions to write, which include considerations like the contexts for piece of writing, while audience, or who will read it, looks at where a discourse may take place. Decorum, or fitting words and subject together, lastly, deals with making appropriate use of rhetoric, depending on both kairos and audience. Kairos is an ancient Greek word meaning the â€Å"right or opportune moment†. You should take time to consider what possible considerations for a piece of writings. Isocrates writes that educated people are those â€Å"who manage well the circumstances which they encounter day by day, and who possess a judgment which is accurate in meeting occasions as they arise and rarely misses the expedient course of action†. As a writer you should develop the ability to adapt to and take advantage of changing, contingent circumstances of your environment. Audience, all rhetorically oriented discourse is composed in light of those who will hear or read that discourse. Or, in other words, rhetorical analysis always takes into account how an audience shapes the composition of a text or responds to it. As writer you should choose an appropriate subject to the prospective readers. Make sure that your reader is appropriate to your purpose, because when it’s not your ideas will just be set aside. Decorum, lastly, refers the appropriateness of style to subject. It involves a range of social, linguistic, aesthetic, and ethical proprieties for both the creators and critics of writing. Each of these must be balanced against each other strategically in order to be successful in understanding or creating discourse. A writer should learn the degree appropriateness or suitability on the use of his words and language in his writing, to enable the interest of the readers to his own discourse. Rhetorical Devices. Good writing depends upon more than making a collection of statements worthy of belief, because writing is intended to be read by others, with minds different from your own. A writer should know how is to get through his readers–or even to be read and considered at all–it must be interesting, clear, persuasive, and memorable, so that he will pay attention to, understand, believe, and remember the ideas it communicates. To apply rhetoric in writing you must know, learn, and understand rhetorical devices in how they have be employed, as well as learning how to use them ourselves. The following are common rhetorical devices used in writing. Apophasis Apophasis asserts or emphasizes something by pointedly seeming to pass over, ignore, or deny it. This device has both legitimate and illegitimate uses. Legitimately, a writer uses it to call attention to sensitive or inflammatory facts or statements while he remains apparently detached from them. Example: 1) Luckily we need not discuss my opponent’s marital infidelities when evaluating his claim to hold the moral high ground. ) I would call you a liar and a cheat if you weren’t my best friend. Aporia Aporia expresses doubt about an idea or conclusion. Its several uses are the suggesting of alternatives without making a commitment to either or any. Such a statement of uncertainty can tie off a piece of discussion you do not have time to pursue, or it could begin an examination of the issue, and lead you into a conclusion resolving your doubt: 1) I have not been able to come to a decision about the new policy, since there seem to be good arguments both for and against it. ) I am not sure whether to side with those who say that higher taxes reduce inflation or with those who say that higher taxes increase inflation. Asyndetons and Polysyndetons Asyndeton is consists of omitting conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses. In a list of items, asyndeton gives the effect of unpremeditated multiplicity, of an extemporaneous rather than a labored account: On his return he received medals, honors, treasures, titles, fame. Polysyndeton, the opposite of asyndetons, is the use of a conjunction between each word, phrase, or clause, and is thus structurally the opposite of asyndeton. The rhetorical effect of polysyndeton, however, often shares with that of asyndeton a feeling of multiplicity, energetic enumeration, and building up. Example: They read and studied and wrote and drilled. I laughed and played and talked and flunked. Enthymemes Enthymemes is a figure of reasoning in which one or more statements of a syllogism (a three-pronged deductive argument) is/are left out of the configuration; an abbreviated syllogism or truncated deductive argument in which one or more premises, or, the conclusion is/are omitted. Ex: 1) Since she lost the case, she must have been guilty. ) There are only two options available to us and we have seen that the first failed. Expletives Expletive it is a figure of emphasis in which a single word or short phrase, usually interrupting normal speech, is used to lend emphasis to the words on either side of the expletive. Typical examples include: in fact, of course, to be sure, indeed, I suppose, I hope, you know, you see, clearly, in a ny event, in effect, certainly, remarkably. Metanoia Metanoia qualifies a statement by recalling it (or part of it) and expressing it in a better, milder, or stronger way. A negative is often used to do the recalling. Example: 1) Your proposal will affect everyone is this area, or even the entire region. 2) You fail to realize the impact of these measures – or at least you have not considered the consequences in enough depth. Parallelism and Chiasmus Parallelism is recurrent syntactical similarity. Several parts of a sentence or several sentences are expressed similarly to show that the ideas in the parts or sentences are equal in importance. Parallelism also adds balance and rhythm and, most importantly, clarity to the sentence. Example: Quickly and happily he walked around the corner to buy the book. Chiasmus might be called â€Å"reverse parallelism,† since the second part of a grammatical construction is balanced or paralleled by the first part, only in reverse order. Example: He labors without complaining and without bragging rests. Questions: Hypophora, Rhetorical and Procatalepsis Hypophora is one or more questions is/are asked and then answered, often at length, by one and the same speaker; raising and responding to one's own question(s). Example: 1) What are the consequences of such an approach to history? There are several, of which the most important is†¦ 2) What then shall we say that Abraham, our forefather, discovered in this matter?. . . What does the Scripture say? â€Å"Abraham believed God. –Rom. 4:1, 3 (NIV) Rhetorical Question is a question which ask, not for the purpose of further discussion, but to assert or deny an answer implicitly; a question whose answer is obvious or implied. Example: What kind of person would bet against the sun rising tomorrow, though? Procatalepsis is when questions are asked and answered by the writer or speaker, usually by anticipating objections: It is typically suggested that this team will lack the strength in midfield to cope with the opposition, but this neglects the experience gained in the recent tour against†¦ Analogies, Metaphors and Similes Analogy is a kind of extended metaphor or long simile in which an explicit comparison is made between two things (events, ideas, people, etc) for the purpose of furthering a line of reasoning or drawing an inference; a form of reasoning employing comparative or parallel cases. Example: You may abuse a tragedy, though you cannot write one. You may scold a carpenter who has made you a bad table, though you cannot make a table. It is not your trade to make tables. Metaphor is figure of explication occurring when a comparison made by speaking of one thing in terms of another; an implied comparison between two different things which share at least one attribute in common; an association between two unlike things (A vs. B) achieved by borrowing the language that refers to thing A and applying it to thing B. Example: Then Jesus declared, â€Å"I am the bread of life. † –John 6:35 [And compare the use of metaphor in 6:32-63] Simile is a comparison between two different things that resemble each other in at least one way. In formal prose the simile is a device both of art and explanation, comparing an unfamiliar thing to some familiar thing (an object, event, process, etc. ) known to the reader. Example: After such long exposure to the direct sun, the leaves of the houseplant looked like pieces of overcooked bacon. Hyperbole, Litotes and Understatement Hyperbole is ,the counterpart of understatement, deliberate exaggeration of a person, thing, quality, event to emphasize a point external to the object of exaggeration; intentional exaggeration for rhetorical effect. Example: There were millions of people at the bus stop today. Litotes is an understatement formed by the denial of an opposite. This sounds confusing but is actually quite straightforward and a common rhetorical device. For example: Performances like that from the All Blacks are not uncommon. Understatement deliberately expresses an idea as less important than it actually is, either for ironic emphasis or for politeness and tact. When the writer's audience can be expected to know the true nature of a fact which might be rather difficult to describe adequately in a brief space, the writer may choose to understate the fact as a means of employing the reader's own powers of description. For example: 1) I think there may be some additional factors that you may not have accounted for. 2) Your analysis is far too simplistic. Amplification Amplification involves repeating a word or expression while adding more detail to it, in order to emphasize what might otherwise be passed over. In other words, amplification allows you to call attention to, emphasize, and expand a word or idea to make sure the reader realizes its importance or centrality in the discussion. For example: This orchard, this lovely, shady orchard, is the main reason I bought this property. In conclusion lots of practice and experimentation are necessary to develop your rhetorical ability. A best way to experiment is writing in a journal or notebook. Consistency in doing such experiment will develop a natural ability and theory or art in rhetorical aspect. Remember that rhetorical devices are aids to writing and not ends of writing. Further, if used carelessly or excessively or too frequently, almost any one of these devices will probably seem affected, dull, awkward, or mechanical. But with a little care and skill, developed by practice, anyone can master them, and their use will add not just beauty and emphasis and effectiveness to your writing, but a kind of freedom of thought and expression you never imagined possible.

What Is Freedom - 1282 Words

Freedom, to many people does not necessarily mean they are free. There are many degrees and definitions of freedom throughout the history of America many different races, genders, and ethnicities experienced. The varieties of freedom come from multiple groups of people such as slaves, indentured servants, Native Americans, property owners, and Puritans. All of these groups had their own definition of freedom they experienced, ranging from little to no freedom, freedom from the land they possessed, and the freedom to worship any God they so choose. However, some of these freedoms conflicted with the freedoms of others. First and foremost, there were many groups of people who had little to no freedom in seventeenth – century North†¦show more content†¦In the American colonies, if such person was a property owner they were considered to be the most well off people as far as freedom goes. During the seventeenth century most of the thirteen colonies were established and vo ting within those colonies was considered a luxury. Voting was a freedom all property owners were given to contribute their say in how a colony should operate. Men who owned property was the prerequisite to be able to vote in British – American colonies. This was to ensure that men who possessed an economic stake in society and the independence of judgment determined the policies of government in the colonies. So a man with property in the seventeenth – century was known to have the amount of freedom desired by all people because they had the most say in how American colonies ran. Finally, the final type of freedom many people desired in seventeenth – century North America was the freedom of religion. This group of people included people like the Puritans. The pilgrims were the first group of Puritans that migrated to North America. These pilgrims sought out the freedom to worship their religion without any criticism. The Puritans before they landed drew up the â€Å"Mayflower Compact† which established the laws which the people of the colony would have to abide by. The freedom ofShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Economic Freedom?1509 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is economic freedom? In fact, what freedom really means, at its core? In words of Wayne Dyer, â€Å"Freedom means you are unobstructed in living your life as you choose. Anything less is a form of slavery† and according to Franklin Delano Roosevelt â€Å"True individual freedom cannot exist without economic security and independence†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Combine the sayings of these two great men and we get the true essence of what it really means to have economic freedom. In more technical terms, for an individual to haveRead MoreWhat Is Freedom For Love? Essay746 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is Freedom to Love? Some would say that freedom to love is, having no limitations or boundaries. To see everyone equally. Many would say that freedom to love is, to give ones life for another. I agree with both statements but I would go further to say that freedom to love is not only an act or a response but it is a lifestyle. Something that defines you. Something that make you, who you are. As proud Americans, this month we celebrate the freedom that we have in this country and theRead MoreWhat It Means to Have Freedom860 Words   |  3 Pages Today we accept that freedom is a basic right human right but what exactly is freedom. 1On one hand, there is physical freedom. People who are not imprisoned or enslaved are free. On the other hand, there is freedom as a the right to act, speak or think what you want. People cannot reach their full potential if they are not free in both senses of the word. Freedom means living life as one wants, everything else is a form of slavery. 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Freedom of expression also needs to have its limits. Two of the masterminds who put forth their work on liberty and freedom of speech were John Stuart Mill and Jean-Jacque Rousseau. The conceptsRead MoreWhat Was Freedom For African Americans?961 Words   |  4 Pagesof problems. (Lecture 1) After the destruction of slavery, it left nearly four million African American with no property, little training, and few rights; which made the definition of freedom for African Americans the central question on the nation’s agenda. The big question of the time period was, â€Å"what was freedom for African Americans?† (Give me liberty! An American 550) From 1865 to 1900 African Americans, despite being presumed free; blacks quickly realized they were only free from was the whippingsRead MoreWhat Is The New Idea Of The Message Of Freedom In North America1283 Words   |  6 Pagesquicky, leaving the Patriotes to find new means of spreading their message of freedom. Swanton is a mere eleven miles from the Canadian border and so it comes as no surprise that this was the location which many Patriotes used to seek refuge from Lower Canada following the failed insurrection against the British. Many Americans living in the town identified with their Quebecois neighbors’ ideas of classical liberalism and freedom from Britain during the early period of the rebellion. Likewise, many PatriotesRead MoreTrue Freedom Or Starvation Blues. What Does It Mean To1239 Words   |  5 PagesTrue Freedom or Starvation Blues What does it mean to actually be free? Does it mean sacrificing your basic rights? Does it mean being overshadowed by fear every single day? Afraid to vote? Afraid to walk down the street? Afraid to be shot or brutally strung up for thousands to see? Afraid just because of the color of your skin? Unfortunately, after the Civil War, this was the kind of freedom awaiting the newly freed African Americans in the New South. In Richard Wright’s â€Å"Black Boy†, a detailedRead MoreTo What Extent Can True Happiness Be Achieved with Limited Freedom? 1690 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"conditioned† from the time they are embryos. In this new society, emotions, religion and culture are sacrificed for social stability. People are not allowed any knowledge of the past, and everything is only explained to the most basic of truth. The freedoms we enjoy today are almost completely abolished. Naturally, we associate happiness with the ability to do whatever your want in life, so if we didn’t have this ability, can we still be happy in life? In the novel, it seems to be achievable on the